पत्र 1 · अंग्रेजी भाषा ज्ञान · अध्याय 8

Fill in the Blanks and Sentence Completion

रिक्त स्थान दो तरह के होते हैं — व्याकरण वाले (tense, preposition, article) और शब्द-अर्थ वाले (सही शब्द चुनना)। वाक्य के संकेत-शब्द पहचानना सीख लें तो आधे विकल्प तुरंत कट जाते हैं।

अंतिम अपडेट: 2026-10-14

इस अध्याय में

दो तरह के रिक्त स्थान
हल करने के 5 कदम
संकेत-शब्द (Clue Words)
व्याकरण वाले रिक्त स्थान: त्वरित जाँच
भ्रम वाले क्रिया-जोड़े
Make और Do
Collocations: साथ चलने वाले शब्द
दो रिक्त स्थान वाले प्रश्न
अभ्यास प्रश्न

दो तरह के रिक्त स्थान

प्रकार	क्या पूछा जाता है	उदाहरण
व्याकरण (Grammar)	Tense, preposition, article, pronoun, conjunction, verb form	He has been living here ____ 2015. (since)
शब्द-ज्ञान (Vocabulary)	अर्थ और संदर्भ के अनुसार सही शब्द	The judge was ____; he did not favour either side. (impartial)

हल करने के 5 कदम

विकल्प देखे बिना पूरा वाक्य पढ़ें और अपने मन से एक शब्द सोचें।
रिक्त स्थान का Part of Speech तय करें — article के बाद noun/adjective, has के बाद V3, preposition के बाद -ing या noun।
संकेत-शब्द खोजें — विरोध (but), कारण (because), समानता (and) — नीचे तालिका देखें।
व्याकरण से विकल्प काटें — गलत रूप वाले विकल्प पहले हटाएँ।
बचे विकल्प को रखकर पूरा वाक्य फिर पढ़ें — अर्थ और लय दोनों ठीक लगने चाहिए। Collocation (स्वाभाविक जोड़ी) देखें।

संकेत-शब्द (Clue Words)

संकेत	शब्द	रिक्त स्थान का अर्थ
विरोध (Contrast)	but, yet, however, although, though, despite, in spite of, while, whereas, on the other hand, instead, unlike, rather than	पहले हिस्से के उलट अर्थ
समानता/जोड़ (Support)	and, also, as well as, moreover, furthermore, besides, similarly, likewise, in addition	पहले हिस्से के समान अर्थ
कारण-परिणाम	because, since, as, so, therefore, hence, thus, consequently, as a result, due to	कारण से मेल खाता परिणाम
उदाहरण/व्याख्या	for example, such as, like, that is, in other words, namely, : (colon)	बाद का हिस्सा रिक्त शब्द को समझाता है
क्रम/समय	first, then, finally, after, before, until, when	घटनाओं का क्रम

Although he was wealthy, he lived a ____ life. → simple / frugal — although — विरोध
She was tired, so she ____ early. → slept / retired — so — परिणाम
He is honest and ____. → sincere — and — समान भाव
The plan was ____, that is, it could not be carried out. → impracticable — that is — व्याख्या

व्याकरण वाले रिक्त स्थान: त्वरित जाँच

रिक्त स्थान के पहले/बाद	क्या आएगा	उदाहरण
has / have / had ____	V3	She has ____ (wrote/written) → written
did / does / can / must ____	V1	He did not ____ (came/come) → come
preposition ____	-ing या noun	fond of ____ (read/reading) → reading
____ + since/for	Perfect (Continuous)	I ____ here for years → have lived / have been living
yesterday / ago / last	Past Simple	He ____ two days ago → left
if + Past Perfect, …	would have + V3	…, I ____ you → would have helped
the + ____ + of all	superlative	the ____ of all → best
____ + than	comparative	____ than → better
make / let / see + object + ____	V1 (बिना to)	He made me ____ → laugh
one of the ____	plural noun	one of the best ____ → students
no sooner had … ____	than
hardly / scarcely had … ____	when

भ्रम वाले क्रिया-जोड़े

जोड़ा	अंतर	उदाहरण
say / tell	say + बात (say to someone); tell + व्यक्ति + बात	He said that he was ill. He told me the truth. tell a story/lie/the truth
speak / talk	speak — भाषा, औपचारिक; talk — बातचीत	speak English; talk to a friend
rob / steal	rob + व्यक्ति/स्थान; steal + वस्तु	They robbed the bank. They stole money from the bank.
borrow / lend	borrow = उधार लेना; lend = उधार देना	May I borrow your pen? Can you lend me your pen?
bring / take	bring — वक्ता की ओर; take — वक्ता से दूर	Bring me water. Take this file to the office.
rise / raise	rise अकर्मक; raise सकर्मक	Prices rise. The government raised taxes.
lie / lay	lie = लेटना (अकर्मक); lay = रखना (सकर्मक)	Lie down. Lay the book on the table.
learn / teach	learn = सीखना; teach = सिखाना	He taught me English. (learnt me ✗)
win / beat	win + मैच/पुरस्कार; beat + विरोधी	India won the match. India beat Australia.
hear / listen	hear — अपने-आप सुनाई देना; listen (to) — ध्यान से सुनना	I heard a noise. Listen to the teacher.
see / look / watch	see — दिखना; look (at) — देखने का प्रयास; watch — चलती चीज़ ध्यान से	look at the board; watch a match
affect / effect	affect (verb) = प्रभावित करना; effect (noun) = प्रभाव; effect (verb) = लागू करना	Smoking affects health. Its effect is harmful.
accept / except	accept = स्वीकार करना; except = के सिवाय	accept the gift; everyone except him
advice / advise	advice (noun); advise (verb)	good advice; I advise you to rest.
practice / practise	British: practice (noun), practise (verb)	regular practice; practise daily
loose / lose	loose = ढीला; lose = खोना	a loose shirt; don't lose hope
principal / principle	principal = प्रधानाचार्य/मुख्य; principle = सिद्धांत	the principal of the college; a man of principles
stationary / stationery	stationary = स्थिर; stationery = लेखन सामग्री	a stationary car; buy stationery
complement / compliment	complement = पूरक; compliment = प्रशंसा	pay a compliment
council / counsel	council = परिषद; counsel = सलाह/वकील	the village council
desert / dessert	desert = रेगिस्तान/छोड़ देना; dessert = मीठा	the Thar desert; ice-cream for dessert
economic / economical	economic = अर्थव्यवस्था संबंधी; economical = किफ़ायती	economic policy; an economical car
historic / historical	historic = ऐतिहासिक महत्त्व का; historical = इतिहास से संबंधित	a historic victory; historical records
childlike / childish	childlike = बच्चों जैसा सरल (प्रशंसा); childish = बचकाना (निंदा)	childlike innocence; childish behaviour
continual / continuous	continual = रुक-रुककर बार-बार; continuous = बिना रुके	continual interruptions; continuous rain
industrial / industrious	industrial = उद्योग संबंधी; industrious = परिश्रमी	industrial area; an industrious student
respectful / respectable / respective	आदर करने वाला / आदरणीय / अपना-अपना	respectful to elders; a respectable family; their respective seats

Make और Do

Make (कुछ नया बनाना/उत्पन्न करना)	Do (काम, कर्तव्य, गतिविधि)
make a mistake, make a decision, make a promise, make progress, make a noise, make money, make an effort, make a plan, make a request, make friends, make arrangements, make an excuse, make a speech, make peace, make tea	do homework, do a favour, do one's duty, do business, do harm, do good, do justice, do the dishes, do exercise, do one's best, do research, do a job, do damage, do well

Collocations: साथ चलने वाले शब्द

अंग्रेजी में कुछ शब्द स्वाभाविक रूप से साथ आते हैं; दूसरा समानार्थी शब्द रखने पर वाक्य अटपटा लगता है।

heavy rain (strong rain ✗)
strong tea
a strong wind
pay attention
pay a visit
take a decision / make a decision
take an exam
take care
take part
take place
catch a cold
catch fire
keep a promise
break a promise
keep calm
commit a crime
deeply regret
highly successful
bitterly cold
fast asleep
wide awake
a burning question
a narrow escape
a close friend
a slim chance
a fair chance
a broad smile
a heated argument
a sound sleep
raise a question
bear in mind
lodge a complaint
file a case
cast a vote
set an example
meet a demand
run a business
draw a conclusion
shed tears

दो रिक्त स्थान वाले प्रश्न

पहले वह रिक्त स्थान भरें जो ज़्यादा पक्का हो, उससे विकल्प काटें, फिर दूसरा जाँचें। दोनों शब्द आपस में भी तार्किक हों।

The minister's speech was so ____ that the audience ____ for five minutes.
(a) dull … cheered (b) inspiring … applauded (c) long … slept (d) short … left — सही: (b) — 'so … that' से परिणाम मेल खाना चाहिए; inspiring → applauded

अभ्यास प्रश्न

Although he was very rich, he led a ____ life.
1. (a) luxurious
2. (b) simple
3. (c) lavish
4. (d) grand
उत्तर देखें
(b) simple — Although — विरोध; अमीर होने के उलट सादा जीवन।
The old man was too weak ____ walk without help.
1. (a) to
2. (b) for
3. (c) that
4. (d) so
उत्तर देखें
(a) to — too … to।
Can you ____ me your bicycle for a day?
1. (a) borrow
2. (b) owe
3. (c) give back
4. (d) lend
उत्तर देखें
(d) lend — उधार देना — lend।
The thieves ____ the bank in broad daylight.
1. (a) stole
2. (b) theft
3. (c) robbed
4. (d) snatched
उत्तर देखें
(c) robbed — rob + स्थान।
He ____ me that he would be late.
1. (a) said
2. (b) told
3. (c) spoke
4. (d) talked
उत्तर देखें
(b) told — tell + व्यक्ति।
Please ____ your hand if you know the answer.
1. (a) raise
2. (b) rise
3. (c) arise
4. (d) rose
उत्तर देखें
(a) raise — सकर्मक — raise।
The judge must be ____ and must not favour either party.
1. (a) partial
2. (b) prejudiced
3. (c) biased
4. (d) impartial
उत्तर देखें
(d) impartial — not favour — निष्पक्ष।
We must ____ our duty honestly.
1. (a) make
2. (b) take
3. (c) do
4. (d) give
उत्तर देखें
(c) do — do one's duty।
It was raining ____ , so the match was called off.
1. (a) strongly
2. (b) heavily
3. (c) powerfully
4. (d) hardly
उत्तर देखें
(b) heavily — collocation: heavy rain / raining heavily।
She was so ____ that she finished the whole project in two days.
1. (a) industrious
2. (b) lazy
3. (c) idle
4. (d) careless
उत्तर देखें
(a) industrious — so … that — परिणाम से मेल।
Smoking badly ____ the lungs.
1. (a) effects
2. (b) effect
3. (c) infects
4. (d) affects
उत्तर देखें
(d) affects — affect (verb)।
Everyone attended the meeting ____ the secretary.
1. (a) accept
2. (b) expect
3. (c) except
4. (d) excepting of
उत्तर देखें
(c) except — except = के सिवाय।
The car remained ____ in the traffic jam for an hour.
1. (a) stationery
2. (b) stationary
3. (c) static
4. (d) still life
उत्तर देखें
(b) stationary — stationary = स्थिर।
His argument was weak; ____, the committee rejected it.
1. (a) therefore
2. (b) however
3. (c) although
4. (d) moreover
उत्तर देखें
(a) therefore — कारण → परिणाम।
The meeting will take ____ in the conference hall.
1. (a) part
2. (b) care
3. (c) position
4. (d) place
उत्तर देखें
(d) place — take place = आयोजित होना।
Ravi is an honest man; ____, he is also very hardworking.
1. (a) however
2. (b) otherwise
3. (c) moreover
4. (d) nevertheless
उत्तर देखें
(c) moreover — समान भाव जोड़ना — moreover।
India ____ Pakistan in the final match.
1. (a) won
2. (b) beat
3. (c) gained
4. (d) defeated by
उत्तर देखें
(b) beat — beat + विरोधी।
The patient had a narrow ____ in the accident.
1. (a) escape
2. (b) scope
3. (c) chance
4. (d) exit
उत्तर देखें
(a) escape — collocation: narrow escape।
His ____ behaviour at the age of forty surprised everyone.
1. (a) childlike
2. (b) children
3. (c) childhood
4. (d) childish
उत्तर देखें
(d) childish — बचकाना (निंदा) — childish।
The government has introduced new ____ policies to control inflation.
1. (a) economical
2. (b) economy
3. (c) economic
4. (d) economics
उत्तर देखें
(c) economic — अर्थव्यवस्था संबंधी — economic।

साथ में पढ़ेंArticles and Prepositions · Synonyms and Antonyms

संदर्भ

ये नोट्स हमने अपने शब्दों में लिखे हैं। नियमों और उदाहरणों का मिलान इन मानक स्रोतों से किया गया है:

Merriam-Webster Dictionary — word meanings and usage (spot-checked)
British Council, LearnEnglish — Grammar: Articles; Present perfect; Conditionals